5-Energy-Conservation+&+Transfer

5.P.3.1 Explain the effects of the transfer of heat (either by direct contact or at a distance) that occurs between objects at different temperatures. (conduction, convection or radiation). 5.P.3.2 Explain how heating and cooling affect some materials and how this relates to their purpose and practical applications. || ===‍‍‍Literacy Standard**/Mathematical Practice(s)**===
 * ===**Essential Standard/Clarifying Objective(s)**===
 * 5.P.3 Explain how the properties of some materials change as a result of heating and cooling. **
 * SL 5.5 Include multimedia components and visual displays in presentations when appropriate to enhance the development of main ideas or themes.**
 * Math -**
 * 2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.**
 * 5. Use appropriate tools strategically.**
 * 7. Look for and make use of structure.** ||
 * ===‍‍‍**Information Technology Standard**===
 * 5.TT.1 Use technology tools and skills to reinforce and extend classroom concepts and activities.** || ===‍‍‍**Revised Bloom's Level of thinking**===

**Analyze**
||

5.P.3.2 I can compare and contrast how changes in temperature affect changes in various materials.

 * ===**Define heat and temperature****.**===
 * ===**Explain how heat can change the properties of a substance.**===
 * ===**Conduct experiments to demonstrate that heat moves in predictable ways.**===
 * ===**Define conduction, convection and radiation.**===
 * ===**Explain the effects of the transfer of heat betwen objects at different temperatures.**===

5.P.3.1
====Students know that when warmer things are put with cooler things, the warmer things lose heat and the cool things gain it until they are all at the same temperature. Students know that a warmer object can warm a cooler object by contact or at a distance. Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy between things that are touching. Conduction can happen within one object. (For example, thermal energy can be conducted through the handle of a metal pot.) Convection is the movement of thermal energy by the movement of liquids or gases. Convection in the oceans and atmosphere helps to move thermal energy around Earth, and is an important factor influencing weather and climate. Radiation is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves can carry energy through places with or without any matter. The Sun is the main source of electromagnetic energy on Earth. Part of this energy, light, is used by producers to make food. Radiation can also happen in other circumstances (i.e. sitting in front of a fireplace). ====

5.P.3.2
Students know that heating and cooling can cause changes in the properties of materials, but not all materials respond the same way to being heated and cooled. Students know that heating and cooling cause changes in the properties of materials, such as water turning into steam by boiling and water turning into ice by freezing. Students know and notice that many kinds of changes occur faster at higher temperatures. Students know that some materials conduct heat much better than others, and poor conductors can reduce heat loss. NC Science Essential Standards; Physical Science Domain; Energy: Conservation and Transfer Strand Atlas of Science Literacy Volume 2 page 25 Conduction, Convection and Radiation [] Tree chart Heat transfer [|http://books.google.com/books?id=4ZlvYPcCXSIC&pg=PA14&lpg=PA14&dq=graphic+organizer+convection+conduction+radiation&source=bl&ots=fKwrtdp9nd&sig=z8uuIo0be4vO5ayfJAgG1_eJ5QQ&hl=en&ei=RXBSTo-uEY3E0AHdm8DlBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CB4Q6AEwATge#v=onepage&q=graphic%20organizer%20convection%20conduction%20radiation&f=false] CPO Heat Transfer Venn diagram []

Qwiki graphic organizers: Temperature [|http://www.qwiki.com/q/#!/Temperature] Heat [|http://www.qwiki.com/q/#!%2FHeat]

[|**Catawba Science Center**]

CSC also provides a variety of educational and fun programming for school groups, children, families, adults, and other community groups. 243 3rd Avenue NE (street address), P.O. Box 2431, Hickory, NC 28603, (828) 322-8169

[|**Imagination Station Science Museum**]

Interactive programs are designed to promote student investigation into various science concepts. 224 East Nash Street,Wilson, NC 27894 Phone (252) 291-5113.

[|**North Carolina Museum of Life and Science**]

Experience how inquiry-based teaching energizes your students and encourages science discovery. 433 West Murray Avenue (street address), P.O. Box 15190, Durham, NC 27704, (919) 220-5429

[|**SciWorks, the Science Center and Environmental Park of Forsyth County**]

Enjoy interactive, hands-on special exhibits and programs in spacious exhibit halls. 400 West Hanes Mill Rd., Winston-Salem, (336) 767-6730

**__ North Carolina NASA Educator Resource Center __**

J. Murrey Atkins Library UNC Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223 704-687-2559

‍‍‍**Notes and Additional Information**
Energy appears in many forms, including radiation, the motion of bodies, excited states of atoms, and strain within and between molecules. All of these forms are in an important sense equivalent, in that one form can change into another. Most of what goes on in the universe—such as the collapsing and exploding of stars, biological growth and decay, the operation of machines and computers—involves one form of energy being transformed into another. Forms of energy can be described in different ways: Sound energy is chiefly the regular back-and-forth motion of molecules; heat energy is the random motion of molecules; gravitational energy lies in the separation of mutually attracting masses; the energy stored in mechanical strains involves the separation of mutually attracting electric charges. Although the various forms appear very different, each can be measured in a way that makes it possible to keep track of how much of one form is converted into another. Whenever the amount of energy in one place or form diminishes, the amount in another place or form increases by an equivalent amount. Thus, if no energy leaks in or out across the boundaries of a system, the total energy of all the different forms in the system will not change, no matter what kinds of gradual or violent changes actually occur within the system. But energy does tend to leak across boundaries. In particular, transformations of energy usually result in producing some energy in the form of heat, which leaks away by radiation or conduction (such as from engines, electrical wires, hot-water tanks, our bodies, and stereo systems). Further, when heat is conducted or radiated into a fluid, currents are set up that usually enhance the transfer of heat. Although materials that conduct or radiate heat very poorly can be used to reduce heat loss, it can never be prevented completely. Therefore the total amount of energy available for transformation is almost always decreasing. For example, almost all of the energy stored in the molecules of gasoline used during an automobile trip goes, by way of friction and exhaust, into producing a slightly warmer car, road, and air. But even if such diffused energy is prevented from leaking away, it tends to distribute itself evenly and thus may no longer be useful to us. This is because energy can accomplish transformations only when it is concentrated more in some places than in others (such as in falling water, in high-energy molecules in fuels and food, in unstable nuclei, and in radiation from the intensely hot sun). When energy is transformed into heat energy that diffuses all over, further transformations are less likely. The reason that heat tends always to diffuse from warmer places to cooler places is a matter of probability. Heat energy in a material consists of the disordered motions of its perpetually colliding atoms or molecules. As very large numbers of atoms or molecules in one region of a material repeatedly and randomly collide with those of a neighboring region, there are far more ways in which their energy of random motion can end up shared about equally throughout both regions than there are ways in which it can end up more concentrated in one region. The disordered sharing of heat energy all over is therefore far more likely to occur than any more orderly concentration of heat energy in any one place. More generally, in any interactions of atoms or molecules, the statistical odds are that they will end up in more disorder than they began with. It is, however, entirely possible for some systems to increase in orderliness—as long as systems connected to them increase even more in disorderliness. The cells of a human organism, for example, are always busy increasing order, as in building complex molecules and body structures. But this occurs at the cost of increasing the disorder around us even more—as in breaking down the molecular structure of food we eat and in warming up our surroundings. The point is that the total amount of disorder always tends to increase.